How to Read Food Labels for Fat and Sodium
You know you should be reading food labels, but what’s the point if you don’t know what you’re looking for? Let me give you a few guidelines you can follow to make food labels work for you.
1. Select foods with less SODIUM than the following amounts per serving:
Frozen or packaged dinners – 500 mg
Microwave Popcorn – 350 mg
Desserts & Cookies – 250 mg
Cheese – 200 mg
Chips, Pretzels – 200 mg
Bread, Crackers, Rolls – 140 mg
2. Select foods with less FAT than the following amounts per serving:
Frozen dinners – 10 g
Cheese – 5 g
Microwave Popcorn – 5 g
Lunch Meat – 3 g
Soup – 3 g
Snacks – 3 g
Bread, Crackers, Rolls – 3 g
Frozen yogurt or Sherbet – 2 g
Remember, when reading labels look at the serving size. A serving size is not necessarily an entire can of food. If a can contains 3 servings and you eat 1 can, you need to multiply the sodium or fat per serving times 3. For example, I have a can of chicken noodle soup with 920 mg of sodium per serving and 6 servings per can. If I eat the entire can, I consume 5520 mg of sodium (920 x 6). If you want a refresher on how much sodium you need everyday, review the post – Reduce Salt to Lower Blood Pressure.
All the best,
Lisa Nelson RD
Heart Healthy Tips
http://www.hearthealthmadeeasy.com
Lower Cholesterol – Do you understand the difference between LDL and VLDL cholesterol?
If you are trying to sort out everything regarding cholesterol and make an informed treatment decision that’s best for your health, you may be feeling overwhelmed. I’ve already given steps to raise HDL and lower triglycerides, now I’d like to more into VLDL versus LDL.
Let’s start at the beginning. You eat a food and it provides more energy (calories) than you immediately need. The liver breaks down some the carbohydrates and protein and forms triglycerides (fat) and cholesterol. The liver is the major fat producing organ, while our adipose tissue (fat cells) stores the fat made by the liver.
Well, we all know that oil (fat) and water (blood) do not mix. So the liver, in order to solve this problem and export the triglycerides its’ created, coats the fat (triglycerides) with a protein, cholesterol, and phospholipid shell. A phospholipid shell is a structure that acts as an emulsifier so the fat and blood will mix. The resulting product is called a lipoprotein (lipo or lipid = fat).
Lipoproteins can transport different components throughout your system, such as cholesterol, fat, and protein. LDL (low density lipoprotein) and VLDL (very low density lipoprotein) transport mostly fat and cholesterol, but differ in the amount of each.
The liver releases VLDL into circulation. VLDL is made up of 55-65% triglycerides, 10-15% cholesterol, 15-20% phospholipid, and 5-10% protein. For comparison, HDL the “good” cholesterol is 45-50% protein. Once the VLDL is released, enzymes in the bloodstream interact with the triglycerides within the lipoprotein and change the package from “very low density” to “low density”. LDL is “less dense” than VLDL because it has lost a large chunk of triglycerides, changing its concentration to 10% triglycerides, 45% cholesterol, 22% phospholipid, and 25% protein. Now, there is an intermediate step between the VLDL and LDL, but for simplicities sake we’ll stick with the more general overview of what is taking place.
If you have high LDL levels, an oxidation process takes place that leads to plaque development in your artery walls, damage to vessel linings, and heart disease. Eating a wide variety of fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants, such as vitamin C and vitamin E may slow or inhibit this oxidation process.
So, let’s summarize.
LDL and VLDL are both “lipoprotein packages” in your blood. Both are considered “bad” types of cholesterol.
They differ in what each package carries.
LDL – “bad” cholesterol
LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol carries mostly cholesterol, some protein, and minimal triglycerides throughout your circulation. LDL should be less than 130 mg/dl, ideally less than 100 mg/dl.
VLDL – “bad” cholesterol
VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol contains minimal protein and mainly transports triglycerides. VLDL should be less than 40 mg/dL.
To prevent VLDL and LDL from clogging your arteries, follow a diet to lower cholesterol and consume antioxidant rich fruits and vegetables.
Be sure to sign up for the free ecourse How to Lower Cholesterol in 8 Simple Steps at http://lowercholesterolwithlisa.com.
All the best,
Lisa Nelson RD
http://www.hearthealthmadeeasy.com
Meal Planning – Do you know what you're having for dinner?
It gets very old day after day having to worry about what you’re going to eat for three meals each day and snacks. Throw in changed plans and crazy schedules and the fast food lane is suddenly looking more and more appetizing.
A simple way to make the burden of meal preparation much easier is to plan ahead. Planning a menu does not have to be complicated, it simply requires investing a little time each week to plan ahead.
There are many benefits to planning your meals.
A meal plan saves you money. Having a plan will reduce unexpected trips to the grocery store and impulse purchases. You can also work leftovers into your plan to reduce wasted food.
A meal plan saves you time. By planning ahead you’ll have the ingredients you need on hand versus last minute stops at the grocery store, trips to the neighbors, or searches to the bottom of your freezer.
A meal plan promotes weight loss. By having a plan in place you decrease the stress of thinking about what you’re going to eat everyday. You’re less likely to “cheat” and grab a treat from the vending machine because you planned ahead and have a healthy snack of nuts and dried fruit on hand. You’re less likely to opt for the drive thru because you have everything you need for supper at home and ready to go.
All you need to do is pick one day each week to outline your meals/snacks for the week to come. Make sure you have the ingredients you need on hand. Use your menu plan to create your grocery shopping list and stock your fridge/cupboards with the ingredients you’ll need for the week.
All the best,
Lisa Nelson RD
1-A-Week Weight Loss Tips
Cholesterol Too Low – What are the dangers of a too low cholesterol?
Cholesterol Too Low – Cholesterol is often viewed as “bad” these days and many people are doing everything they can to lower cholesterol levels as much as possible. This isn’t necessarily a good thing.
Cholesterol is essential for many normal bodily functions. Enzymes use cholesterol to produce vitamin D, steroid hormones (estrogen, progesterone, testosterone), stress hormones, and bile acids for digestion. Cholesterol forms a membrane that surrounds all cells and is also a critical part of regenerating damaged endothelial cells (inner layer of blood vessel walls).
For most individuals, if you do not eat enough dietary cholesterol the liver produces the cholesterol needed for bodily functions. The amount of cholesterol in your diet determines how much the liver produces.
Cholesterol is essential for optimal health and pushing levels too low can cause problems. Back in 1994, the American Heart Association issued a statement noting an increase in deaths from trauma, cancer, hemorrhagic stroke, respiratory diseases, and infectious diseases in individuals with cholesterol levels less than 160 mg/dl. It’s worth noting that a large number of these deaths seemed to be due to poor health unrelated to the low cholesterol levels.
However, since then many studies are linking low cholesterol levels with depression, suicide, impulsivity, aggression, and anxiety when levels drop below 160 mg/dl. One psychologist suggested having too low cholesterol alters brain cell function and the brain cells with low cholesterol levels may have fewer receptors for the mood-elevating neurotransmitter serotonin. This could be the reason low cholesterol levels increase rates of depression.
With the rapidly rising use of medications, such as statin drugs, I’m noticing individuals reporting cholesterol levels that are dropping into potentially dangerous territory. Work with your physician to ensure you maintain healthy cholesterol levels appropriate for you.
Be sure to sign up for the free e-course How to Lower Cholesterol in 8 Simple Steps.
All the best,
Lisa Nelson RD
Heart Healthy Tips
Vitamin D Deficiency Symptoms – How does low vitamin D affect your heart?
Lisa Nelson RD #9: Vitamin D Deficiency Symptoms – Is there a connection between vitamin D and heart disease? What level vitamin D should individuals maintain to prevent heart problems?
Dr. Shelby-Lane: It is a known and documented fact that too little Vitamin D puts the heart at risk. Yet many patients are not routinely tested, and if so, they do not take the proper steps to reach optimal Vitamin D levels between 50 to 100 ng/dL. Most lab tests give 30 as a low normal, yet this is not optimal. This can by done by diet, sun exposure (in most cases) or adequate supplementation. But most of all, people are not tested. Research suggests Vitamin D deficiency may be an unrecognized heart disease risk factor.
Researchers say a growing body of evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of heart disease and is linked to other, well-known heart disease risk factors such as high blood pressure, obesity, and diabetes.
For example, several large studies have shown that people with low vitamin D levels were twice as likely to have a heart attack, stroke, or other heart-related event during follow-up, compared with those with higher vitamin D levels.
“Vitamin D deficiency is an unrecognized, emerging cardiovascular risk factor, which should be screened for and treated,” says researcher James H. O’Keefe, MD, director of preventive cardiology at the Mid America Heart Institute in Kansas City, Mo., in a news release. “Vitamin D is easy to assess and supplementation is simple, safe and inexpensive.”
Most of the body’s vitamin D requirements are met by the skin in response to sun exposure. Other less potent sources of vitamin D include foods such as salmon, sardines, cod liver oil, and vitamin D-fortified foods like milk and some cereals. Vitamin D can also be obtained through supplements.
Vitamin D deficiency is on the rise. Vitamin D deficiency symptoms are traditionally associated with bone and muscle weakness, but in recent years a number of studies have shown that low levels of the vitamin may predispose the body to high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, and chronic blood vessel inflammation (associated with hardening of the arteries). It also alters hormone levels to increase insulin resistance, which raises the risk of diabetes.
In a review article published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, researchers surveyed recent studies on the link between vitamin D deficiency and heart disease to come up with practical advice on screening and treatment.
They concluded that vitamin D deficiency is much more common than previously thought, affecting up to half of adults and apparently healthy children in the U.S.
Researchers say higher rates of vitamin D deficiency may be due in part to people spending more time indoors and efforts to minimize sun exposure through the use of sunscreens. Sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 blocks approximately 99% of vitamin D synthesis by the skin.
“We are outside less than we used to be, and older adults and people who are overweight or obese are less efficient at making vitamin D in response to sunlight,” says O’Keefe. “A little bit of sunshine is a good thing, but the use of sunscreen to guard against skin cancer is important if you plan to be outside for more than 15 to 30 minutes of intense sunlight exposure.”
Testing for Vitamin D Deficiency
Vitamin D levels can be measured with a blood test for a specific form of vitamin D called 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D). Vitamin D deficiency is defined as a blood 25(OH)D level below 20 ng/dL. Normal levels are considered to be above 30 ng/dL.
Again, criteria for optimal levels is between 50 to 100 ng/dl.
All the best,
Lisa Nelson RD
Heart Healthy Tips
Lower Blood Pressure with Vegetable Proteins
You don’t have to follow a vegetarian diet to lower blood pressure, but there is solid evidence that vegetable proteins will lower blood pressure.
A recent study compared dietary intake of the vegetable protein glutamic acid and blood pressure. The diet study showed a higher intake of glutamic acid linked to a 1.5 to 3 mm Hg decrease in systolic blood pressure (top number) and 1.0 to 1.6 mm Hg decrease in diastolic blood pressure (bottom number). Now, I know this slight decrease may seem like nothing, but according to researcher Dr. Jeremiah Stamler, a small reduction can cut stroke and heart disease deaths by 4 percent.
This doesn’t mean running out and buying glutamic acid supplements will lower your blood pressure. Fortunately, glutamic acid is a common protein and not difficult to include as a regular part of your diet. Use this latest research as added incentive to eat more vegetable protein sources everyday.
Good vegetarian protein sources include:
• Beans (soybeans, kidney, black, navy beans, etc.) (3/4 cup – 11 grams protein)
• Lentils ( 3/4 cup = 13 grams protein)
• Tofu, tempeh and other soy protein products (150 grams or 1/3 brick firm tofu – 21 grams protein)
• Vegetarian meat substitutes like burgers and deli slices (1 soy patty – 18 grams protein)
• Vegetable patty (18 grams protein)
• Peanut butter and other nut butters (2 Tbsp. – 7 grams protein)
• Nuts and seeds (¼ cup – 8 grams protein)
• Eggs (1 large – 6 grams protein)
• Hummus (1/2 cup – 8 grams protein)
This is another study that supports the DASH diet at effectively lowering blood pressure. The DASH diet is rich in fruits, vegetables, and low fat dairy. Here is a link where you can learn more about the DASH diet – Lowering Blood Pressure Through Diet.
